Full Description

Theobjectives of this project were to identify surrogate parameters and indicator compoundsfor wastewater-derived chemical contaminants that might be useful in the assessment ofindirect potable reuse systems; and, to validate the ability of chosen surrogates andindicators to predict the occurrence and removal of wastewater-derived contaminants inindirect potable water reuse systems. The approach for monitoring wastewater-derivedcontaminants developed in this study utilized a combination of surrogate parametersand indicator compounds tailored to monitor the removal efficiency of individual unitprocesses comprising an overall treatment train. Selecting multiple indicatorsrepresenting a broad range of properties will allow accounting for compounds currentlynot identified ("unknowns"), and new compounds synthesized and entering theenvironment in the future (i.e., new pharmaceuticals) provided they fall within the rangeof properties covered. The underlying concept is that absence or removal of an indicatorcompound during a treatment process would also assure absence or removal ofunidentified compounds with similar properties. Thus, a system failure will be indicatedby poor removal of the indicator compound while normal operating conditions will beindicated by partial or complete compound removal. This concept was validated throughmonitoring efforts at pilot- and full-scale water reuse facilities. Indicator compounds andsurrogate parameters identified were classified into categories of different treatability andfor each treatment process, a master list of indicator compounds was provided byrecruiting compounds, for which analytical methods existed, from the final list of viableindicator compounds present in secondary or tertiary treated wastewater effluents. Asexpected, results of these efforts also revealed that surrogate parameters are notstrongly correlated with the removal of indicator compounds occurring at ng/L-level concentrations. Includes reference, table.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2008 Number of Pages: 5File Size: 1 file , 840 KB