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Nitrate contamination of drinking water supplies is a significant concern to water systemsthroughout the world, predominately in areas with significant agricultural activity.Perchlorate contamination, while not as widespread, is also a source of significant publichealth concern.Biologically active permeable reactive barriers have been successfully employed to treatboth of these contaminants. Unlike some other biological processes, permeable reactivebarriers provide stable operations over the long term with minimal, if any, need foroperator intervention. Permeable reactive barriers are a continuation of recent trends inthe drinking water profession that recognize the benefits of subsurface processes toreliably and inexpensively remove pathogens, organic contaminants, and provide otherwater quality benefits. The most common treatment processes considered for nitrate and perchlorate removal aresimilar. These processes include ion exchange, electrodialysis, and reverse osmosis. Inaddition, engineered above-grade biological treatment processes are sometimesconsidered for nitrate and perchlorate treatment. Ion exchange, reverse osmosis,electrodialysis, and biological denitrification have all been applied at full-scale for theremoval of nitrate from drinking water. Includes 30 references, tables, figures.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2008 Number of Pages: 11File Size: 1 file , 820 KB