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For the 1.1 billion people worldwide who do not haveaccess to improved drinking water supply, point-of-use(POU) water treatment with sodium hypochlorite(NaOCl) is proven to reduce the incidence of diarrhealdisease. However, NaOCl dosage recommendations forboth household water treatment and disaster responsewater treatment vary significantly. In this study, 106 watersamples from a variety of improved and unimprovedsources in 16 countries were tested to ascertain whether astandardized NaOCl dosage regime could be developed.Results indicated that for household water treatmentwith NaOCl alone, a dose of 1.875 mg/LNaOCl proved effective in 86.6% of samples withturbidity 10 ntu and a dose of 3.75 mg/L NaOClwas effective in 91.7% of unimproved sources withturbidity of 10-100 ntu. On the basis of test results, itis also recommended that POU chlorination programsadopt a proposed criteria for a free chlorine residualof 2.0 mg/L 1 hour after NaOCl addition and 0.2mg/L after 24 hours of storage. Includes 29 references, tables, figures.

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Edition: Vol. 100 - No. 8 Published: 08/01/2008 Number of Pages: 14File Size: 1 file , 670 KB