Full Description

Given the many reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane plants in service inthe United States and elsewhere, and the continuing rapid growth of the technologies formunicipal water supply, one would think that proven, no-risk post-treatment process designand operation after construction and commissioning would be very routine. However, therehave been a number of cases where improper product water post-treatment design hasresulted in significant water quality problems in the distribution system, such as corrosion(e.g. red water), precipitation (e.g. turbidity), loss of proper disinfectant residual, and otherproblems. Post-treatment processes can vary widely based on the specific application andlocation, membrane system permeate water quality, ability for membrane bypass/blending,materials of construction and condition of existing distribution system, water quality fromother water supply sources, potential for blending at the treatment facility and in thedistribution system, and finished water quality goals. This paper discusses the types ofpost-treatment process facilities and chemicals commonly being used today and the designapproach that should be used for proper evaluation and selection of the post-treatmentalternatives. Includes tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 03/01/2005 Number of Pages: 12File Size: 1 file , 390 KB