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This research focused on testing different coagulation pretreatment techniquesto improve membrane filtration in water separations, namely ultrafiltration (UF). Thesethree techniques were: conventional coagulation; forming a dynamic, or secondary,coagulant-based layer on the membrane; and, injecting the coagulant into the feed lineso that it runs inline with the raw water across the membrane. Results showed that thedynamic membrane's mode of operation achieved higher steady state flux values thanUF alone and than conventional coagulation pretreatment ahead of UF, while in-linecoagulation displayed the worst flux decline. UF alone was ineffective in removingsolids and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), while conventional coagulation anddynamic UF modes rejected solids and DOC at similar rates. Through membraneautopsies, irreversible fouling measurements for the dynamic membrane mode weresignificantly lower than for the conventional coagulation mode. Thus, a coagulant-baseddynamic membrane has the potential to be an effective method to improve UFefficiency in water separation applications as well as to decrease pretreatment costsassociated with operation. Upon reduction of associated costs, membranes can alsobecome competitive in advanced wastewater treatment and water reuse processes. Includes 18 references, tables, figures.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 03/01/2005 Number of Pages: 12File Size: 1 file , 420 KB