Full Description

The objective of this study was to evaluate pilot scaleadvanced treatment processes to assess the removal efficacy after barriers that include: coagulation and flocculation; clarification; filtration; disinfection; and, the finishedproduct. Challenge testing evaluated the removal efficacy of clarification, granular mediafiltration, and ultrafiltration. In all, eight challenges using waterborne microorganisms andpathogen surrogates were performed using the processes: SuperP blanket clarifier, Actiflomicrosand ballasted clarifier, Granular dual media filters, and Zenon ZeeWeed 500-C ultrafilter.Each process was challenged with pathogen surrogates including bacteria (E. coli),bacteriophages (MS-2 sub10/sub removed for both the Super Pulsatorand Actiflo systems. Clarifiers removed 3.5 and 3.3 logsub10/sub of beads for Super Pulsator andActiflo, respectively. The media filtration steps downstream showed further coliform removalwith between 0.9 and 1.6 log removal for Super Pulsator and Actiflo, respectively. Beadremovals by the media filters were 2.9 and up to 3.8, respectively. Zenon ultrafiltration removedup to 8.5 logsub10/sub of the challenged beads and no coliforms were detected in the filtrate. These datasuggest that under proper conditions, all three treatment processes were effective at removingcoliforms and beads. Includes 11 references, tables, figures.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/15/2004 Number of Pages: 16File Size: 1 file , 780 KB