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This paper examines the current practices for migration/leaching tests used to evaluate distribution system and plumbingmaterials and highlights the need to use representative water qualities (e.g., chlorine vs. chloramines) during tests. The effect ofspecific water qualities has become more critical in the U.S. as chloramines are increasingly used and problems such asdegrading rubber gasket or leaching metals (copper and lead) are first experienced by consumers/sentinels and then reported tounsuspecting utilities. Also, because the standard procedures evaluate water on overall odor intensity, they do not necessarilyprovide information on individual aesthetic qualities which are critical in determining the source of taste-and-odor problems. Acomparison of common migration tests - the Utility Quick Test, French Standard (AFNOR XP- P41-250-1), European Standard(EN 1420-1), British Standard (BS 6920) and the Australian and New Zealand Standard (AS/NZ 4020), has been made andavailable data for aesthetic testing of plumbing materials summarized. Case studies are presented, such as when phenol leachedfrom an acrylic reservoir lining reacted with chlorine in the distribution system to form medicinal-smelling brominatedcompounds. Includes 23 references, tables.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/15/2004 Number of Pages: 10File Size: 1 file , 360 KB