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This paper summarizes the water use measurements made in 96 homes served by threeU.S. water utilities before and after each had its interior fixtures and appliancesreplaced with high efficiency devices. The purpose of the research was to obtain reliablemeasurements of household water use for the major end-uses before the new deviceswere installed, and then obtain paired measurements on the same homes after the retrofitsin order to get accurate data on water savings. Water use was disaggregated into end usesby flow trace analysis. Statistically significant reductions were found for toilets,clothes washers, leakage, showers and faucets. Using the water use and survey data,mathematical models were developed that show household water use before and after theretrofits (and water savings) as a function of several explanatory variables including:number of residents, size of homes, cost for water, and whether retrofits had beenperformed. Includes tables, figure.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 06/17/2004 Number of Pages: 13File Size: 1 file , 200 KB