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The primary goal of this AwwaRF funded research was to develop a systematicperformance testing protocol for characterizing MF and UF membranes based on their ability toreject viral and submicron bacterial pathogens with various water qualities and operatingconditions. Seeding challenges were conducted with the continuous microfiltration (CMF) andsubmerged-continuous microfiltration (CMF-S) pilot units at the Atlanta Fulton County WaterTreatment Plant, Georgia (AFCWTP, drinking water facility with raw surface water), and theScottsdale Water Campus, Arizona (SWC, water reclamation facility using secondary clarifiedeffluent). These units were both equipped with 0.1 m PVDF hollow fiber membranes. MS2and PRD1 phages were used to quantify the viral removal, while Pseudomonas diminuta wasused to characterize the bacterial removal. Results obtained with the pilot units under cleanwater conditions (dechlorinated tap water) have shown that Pseudomonas diminuta wascompletely removed (~ 5.0 log-units). PRD1 phage removal varied between 0.3-1.8 log andremoval of MS2 phage varied between 0-1.1 log. Short- and long-term fouling experiments withraw, filtered water and secondary effluent showed that deposition (cake) and pneumatically-irreversiblefouling can induce additional phage removal to a variable extent depending upon thesize of the microorganism, the feed water quality and the decline in specific flux. Microbialrejection results from both these facilities using waters of varying quality and membrane typesare compared and presented. The increase in removal of PRD1 phage due to membrane foulingappears to be correlated to the decline in specific flux. Includes 17 references, tables, figures.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 06/17/2004 Number of Pages: 21File Size: 1 file , 420 KB