Full Description

The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Amendments of 1996 require the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop new drinking water regulations intended to reduce acute and chronic illness as a result of drinking water quality. A subset of these rules, the Microbial and Disinfection Byproducts Rules (M/DBPRs), is intended to provide increased public protection from acute illness due to microbial pathogens, and chronic illness resulting from disinfectants and disinfection byproducts. Integrated membrane systems have been identified as promising technology for simultaneous compliance with these rules. An integrated membrane softening system pilot study was conducted at the Delta Water Treatment Plant in Delta, Ohio. Potable water was produced from impounded surface water possessing high hardness. The integrated membrane system consisted of microfiltration and reverse osmosis installed in series. In addition to compliance with the M/DBPRs, the principal objectives of the study were to achieve a minimum of 2 log removal of particulate matter, to produce finished water with turbidity less than 0.05 NTU, and to produce a finished water hardness of 110-150 mg/L.Reservoir water was filtered using microfiltration to remove particulate matter, Giardia, Cryptosporidium and other pathogens. A portion of the filtrate was then treated using low-pressure reverse osmosis for reduction of hardness. Reverse osmosis permeate and microfiltration filtrate were blended to provide finished water conforming to the objectives. Four seasonal runs, each two weeks in length, were performed to evaluate the system performance at varying temperature and feed water quality. Additionally, a 2,000 hour run was conducted to evaluate long term system performance. The reservoir water, microfiltration filtrate, reverse osmosis permeate and blended water were monitored for turbidity, particle counts, total organic carbon, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, iron, manganese, trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP), haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP), pH, total coliform, hardness and total alkalinity. Includes 6 references, tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 06/01/2001 Number of Pages: 18File Size: 1 file , 290 KB