AWWA ACE93109

AWWA ACE93109 Empirically Based Models for Predicting Chlorination and Ozonation By-Products: Haloacetic Acids, Chloral Hydrate, and Bromate
Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/1993

Amy, Gary; Siddiqui, Ozekin, Kenan; Wang, Xiaoling; Zhu, Hai Wei ; Westrick, James

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The specific objectives of this study have been to: develop predictive models for chloral hydrate (CH) formation upon chlorination; develop models for total haloacetic acid (THAA) formation upon chlorination; develop models to predict effects of chemical (alum and iron) coagulation on THAA and CH formation; develop models to predict individual haloacetic acid species (TCAA, DCAA, MCAA, DBAA, MBAA, BCAA); and to develop models for bromate formation upon ozonation.